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Most conflicts initially start out as very local phenomena. Monitoring political violence events at local-level can help anticipate the escalation of conflicts within states, recognise signs of crisis development and determine likely conflict trajectories. The Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) collects reported information on internal political conflict disaggregated by date, location and actors to facilitate local and scale-dependant research on war patterns and processes. This layer shows all political violence and protest events recorded by ACLED in Africa for the period

Internet users are individuals who have used the Internet (from any location) in the last 3 months. The Internet can be used via a computer, mobile phone, personal digital assistant, games machine, digital TV etc.

Fixed telephone subscriptions refers to the sum of active number of analogue fixed telephone lines, voice-over-IP (VoIP) subscriptions, fixed wireless local loop (WLL) subscriptions, ISDN voice-channel equivalents and fixed public payphones.

Fixed broadband subscriptions refers to fixed subscriptions to high-speed access to the public Internet (a TCP/IP connection), at downstream speeds equal to, or greater than, 256 kbit/s. This includes cable modem, DSL, fiber-to-the-home/building, other fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions, satellite broadband and terrestrial fixed wireless broadband. This total is measured irrespective of the method of payment. It excludes subscriptions that have access to data communications (including the Internet) via mobile-cellular networks. It should include fixed WiMAX and any other fixed wireless

Mobile broadband subscriptions are mobile subscriptions that advertise data speeds of 256 kbit/s or greater. The subscription must allow access to the Internet via HTTP and must have been used to make a data connection via Internet Protocol (IP) in the previous three months. Standard SMS and MMS messaging do not count as an active Internet data connection even if they are delivered via IP.

Mobile cellular telephone subscriptions are subscriptions to a public mobile telephone service that provide access to the PSTN using cellular technology. The indicator includes (and is split into) the number of postpaid subscriptions, and the number of active prepaid accounts (i.e. that have been used during the last three months). The indicator applies to all mobile cellular subscriptions that offer voice communications. It excludes subscriptions via data cards or USB modems, subscriptions to public mobile data services, private trunked mobile radio, telepoint, radio paging and telemetry

Poverty affects billions of people around the globe. On a daily basis, they face low wages and substandard health, education, and living standards. Because of this, poverty must be understood and approached as a multidimensional issue. The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) acknowledges that poverty has many faces. The second dimension in the MIP is the Education dimension. This includes years of schooling and child school attendance. This map shows the percentage contribution of the education dimension to overall poverty. The lower percentages are shown in darker blues while the higher

Reference evapotranspiration (Global - Monthly - ~10 km) August 2025- AQUASTAT (FAO) AgERA5 derived. Reference evapotranspiration per month with a spatial resolution of 0.1 degree. Unit: mm month-1. The dataset contains monthly values for global land areas, excluding Antarctica, since 1979. The dataset has been prepared according to the FAO Penman - Monteith method as described in FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 56.

The current version of the GDW database (version 1.0) contains 41,145 barrier and dam locations and 35,295 associated reservoir polygons. The GDW database aims to include all types of anthropogenic instream barriers, though initial mapping efforts prioritize major dams that form reservoirs, as well as run-of-river barriers on larger rivers, for which more information is available. The present dataset represents barriers and dams geospatially referenced as point coordinates and co-registered to the global river network of HydroSHEDS (Lehner et al. 2008).

Water scarcity refers to the physical abundance or lack of freshwater resources. It can significantly impact business such as production/supply chain disruption, higher operating costs, and growth constraints. Water scarcity is human-driven, and can be aggravated by natural conditions (e.g., aridity, drought periods). It is generally calculated as a function of the volume of water use/demand relative to the volume of water available in a given area. However, water scarcity does not consider whether water is accessible and/or fit for use, as defined by the UN Global Compact CEO Water Mandate

Percentage of households with water more than 30 minutes away round trip. The indicator reflects the crucial role of the water energy nexus and indicates that electricity access could generate greater social impacts when the portion of households living far from water sources is high in a given country.

The current version of the GDW database (version 1.0) contains 41,145 barrier and dam locations and 35,295 associated reservoir polygons. The GDW database aims to include all types of anthropogenic instream barriers, though initial mapping efforts prioritize major dams that form reservoirs, as well as run-of-river barriers on larger rivers, for which more information is available. The present dataset represents maximum storage capacity in million cubic meters.

Increasing water scarcity and water quality issues are serious constraints, especially for Northern Africa. A comprehensive assessment of spatial and temporal precipitation frequency is the initial step for defining public policies relating to water resources management and environmental monitoring. In the agricultural sector, a detailed knowledge of precipitation patterns is necessary to identify the most appropriate crop varieties for the region and to effectively manage climate related uncertainties. Precipitation frequency is also a central source of information for hazard mitigation and

Mangroves are trees or shrubs adapted to saline and brackish environments. They are found in the intertidal zone of tropical and sub-tropical coastlines. Mangrove forests are among the most productive ecosystems on earth. They serve many important functions, including water filtration, prevention of coastal erosion, carbon storage, food, timber and livelihood provision, and biodiversity protection (as they provide habitat, nurseries, and feeding grounds for a vast array of organisms). Despite their incredible value, mangrove forests are destroyed and degraded at a rate of about 1% per year as

Increasing water scarcity and water quality issues are serious constraints, especially for Northern Africa. A comprehensive assessment of spatial and temporal precipitation frequency is the initial step for defining public policies relating to water resources management and environmental monitoring. In the agricultural sector, a detailed knowledge of precipitation patterns is necessary to identify the most appropriate crop varieties for the region and to effectively manage climate related uncertainties. Precipitation frequency is also a central source of information for hazard mitigation and

The Global 200 is the list of ecoregions identified by WWF, the global conservation organization, as priorities for conservation. According to WWF, an ecoregion is defined as a "relatively large unit of land or water containing a characteristic set of natural communities that share a large majority of their species dynamics, and environmental conditions". The WWF assigns a conservation status to each ecoregion in the Global 200: critical or endangered; vulnerable; and relatively stable or intact. Globally, over half of the ecoregions in the Global 200 are rated endangered.