It is well known that many beneficial microbiological processes, especially bacterial processes, take place naturally and each different process involves the activity of different species/genera of bacteria. The speed of catalysis in the relevant bacteria is, however, also dependent on prevailing
Biofiltration is the filtration of contaminated water using organic material to capture and biologically degrade contaminants. A biofilter comprises inorganic or organic filtering media such as rock, slag, sand, glass beads, peat or wood chips on which a biofilm develops when wastewater flows over

The Cleancolytic Reactor System developed at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology is a one-step waste water treatment system consisting of highly reactive nanoparticles immobilized in a specialised reactor system for the purpose of treating industrial wastewater. The system utilizes a